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Thursday, April 29, 2010

How To Reset Terminal Sessions Remotely

In this Post i am going to show you How to Query and Rest the Terminal Sessions Remotely.
You must be aware that only two users are allowed for Remote Administration, if third one tries to login on the same Machine he/she will receive an error message "Exceeded the number of terminal connections". This may happen if two people are legitimately using the servers or if someone forgot to log off. Now think if your servers are far away from you and you are facing this problem :(
Now no worries, here you will find how to reset the Terminal Sessions Remotely :)

Note:- To use these commands you must have the admin credentials and same username/password that is on the Remote Machine which you want to Reset.

For example, let's say that I can't gain access to a server (with ip:- 192.168.1.10) using Terminal Services because both sessions are used up. I can use another server to check the status of the first one. As long as the logged in user has administrative rights on the non-accessible machine I would run this:

qwinsta /server:192.168.1.10

Where 192.168.1.10 is the IP address or name of the non-accessible machine.

This will display something like this:



Now I know that Naik and Sabu are the two that are logged in. Since Sabu left the office 1 hour ago I know that he forgot to log off and Naik has done same thing forgot to log off. Now i need to reset one of the session then i will be able to login

To disconnect Sabu's session I would type this:

rwinsta /server:192.168.1.10 3

Notice the 3 which is the session ID I found from using qwinsta above.

The qwinsta and qwinsta stands for

qwinsta = Query WINdows STAtion
rwinsta = Reset WINdows STAtion

Microsoft has replaced these two tools with Query but since qwinsta and rwinsta is fully compatible with W2K WinXP and W2K3.

So you can use below Commands as well


To displays information about sessions on a remote terminal server.

query session /server:192.168.1.10 (Same as qwinsta)



Note:- 192.168.1.10 is a remote machine ip.


To reset (delete) a session on a terminal server.

reset session /server:192.168.1.10 3 (Same as rwinsta)

Note:- 3 is a session ID


Tuesday, April 27, 2010

MIME Types and Role of MIME in IIS 6.0






Role of MIME

MIME is short for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, a specification for formatting non-ASCII messages so that they can be sent over the Internet. Many e-mail clients now support MIME, which enables them to send and receive graphics, audio, and video files via the Internet mail system.
There are many predefined MIME types, such as GIF graphics files and PostScript files. It is also possible to define your own MIME types.
In addition to e-mail applications, Web browsers also support various MIME types. This enables the browser to display or output files that are not in HTML format.
MIME was defined in 1992 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

File type MIME type
ai application/postscript
aif audio/x-aiff
aifc audio/x-aiff
aiff audio/x-aiff
asc text/plain
atom application/atom+xml
au audio/basic
avi video/x-msvideo
bcpio application/x-bcpio
bin application/octet-stream
bmp image/bmp
cdf application/x-netcdf
cgm image/cgm
class application/octet-stream
cpio application/x-cpio
cpt application/mac-compactpro
csh application/x-csh
css text/css
dcr application/x-director
dif video/x-dv
dir application/x-director
djv image/vnd.djvu
djvu image/vnd.djvu
dll application/octet-stream
dmg application/octet-stream
dms application/octet-stream
doc application/msword
dtd application/xml-dtd
dv video/x-dv
dvi application/x-dvi
dxr application/x-director
eps application/postscript
etx text/x-setext
exe application/octet-stream
ez application/andrew-inset
gif image/gif
gram application/srgs
grxml application/srgs+xml
gtar application/x-gtar
hdf application/x-hdf
hqx application/mac-binhex40
htm text/html
html text/html
ice x-conference/x-cooltalk
ico image/x-icon
ics text/calendar
ief image/ief
ifb text/calendar
iges model/iges
igs model/iges
jnlp application/x-java-jnlp-file
jp2 image/jp2
jpe image/jpeg
jpeg image/jpeg
jpg image/jpeg
js application/x-javascript
kar audio/midi
latex application/x-latex
lha application/octet-stream
lzh application/octet-stream
m3u audio/x-mpegurl
m4a audio/mp4a-latm
m4b audio/mp4a-latm
m4p audio/mp4a-latm
m4u video/vnd.mpegurl
m4v video/x-m4v
mac image/x-macpaint
man application/x-troff-man
mathml application/mathml+xml
me application/x-troff-me
mesh model/mesh
mid audio/midi
midi audio/midi
mif application/vnd.mif
mov video/quicktime
movie video/x-sgi-movie
mp2 audio/mpeg
mp3 audio/mpeg
mp4 video/mp4
mpe video/mpeg
mpeg video/mpeg
mpg video/mpeg
mpga audio/mpeg
ms application/x-troff-ms
msh model/mesh
mxu video/vnd.mpegurl
nc application/x-netcdf
oda application/oda
ogg application/ogg
pbm image/x-portable-bitmap
pct image/pict
pdb chemical/x-pdb
pdf application/pdf
pgm image/x-portable-graymap
pgn application/x-chess-pgn
pic image/pict
pict image/pict
png image/png
pnm image/x-portable-anymap
pnt image/x-macpaint
pntg image/x-macpaint
ppm image/x-portable-pixmap
ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ps application/postscript
qt video/quicktime
qti image/x-quicktime
qtif image/x-quicktime
ra audio/x-pn-realaudio
ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
ras image/x-cmu-raster
rdf application/rdf+xml
rgb image/x-rgb
rm application/vnd.rn-realmedia
roff application/x-troff
rtf text/rtf
rtx text/richtext
sgm text/sgml
sgml text/sgml
sh application/x-sh
shar application/x-shar
silo model/mesh
sit application/x-stuffit
skd application/x-koan
skm application/x-koan
skp application/x-koan
skt application/x-koan
smi application/smil
smil application/smil
snd audio/basic
so application/octet-stream
spl application/x-futuresplash
src application/x-wais-source
sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio
sv4crc application/x-sv4crc
svg image/svg+xml
swf application/x-shockwave-flash
t application/x-troff
tar application/x-tar
tcl application/x-tcl
tex application/x-tex
texi application/x-texinfo
texinfo application/x-texinfo
tif image/tiff
tiff image/tiff
tr application/x-troff
tsv text/tab-separated-values
txt text/plain
ustar application/x-ustar
vcd application/x-cdlink
vrml model/vrml
vxml application/voicexml+xml
wav audio/x-wav
wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp
wbmxl application/vnd.wap.wbxml
wml text/vnd.wap.wml
wmlc application/vnd.wap.wmlc
wmls text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
wmlsc application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
wrl model/vrml
xbm image/x-xbitmap
xht application/xhtml+xml
xhtml application/xhtml+xml
xls application/vnd.ms-excel
xml application/xml
xpm image/x-xpixmap
xsl application/xml
xslt application/xslt+xml
xul application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
xwd image/x-xwindowdump
xyz chemical/x-xyz
zip application/zip


Role of MIME in IIS 6.0

IIS 6.0 does not serve unknown MIME types

When you request a file from an IIS 6.0 Web server, and the file has a file name extension that is not a defined MIME type on the Web server, we will receive the following error message:
HTTP Error 404 - File or directory not found.

CAUSE
The earlier versions of IIS include a wildcard character MIME mapping, which permits IIS to serve any file regardless of its extension. IIS 6.0 does not include this wildcard character MIME mapping and does not serve any type of extension that is not defined at the MimeMap node in the IIS metabase.
To Resolve this we need to follow these steps
1. Open the IIS Microsoft Management Console (MMC), right-click the local computer name, and then click Properties.
2. Click MIME Types.
3. Click New.
4. In the Extension box, type the file name extension that you want (for example, .mp4).
5. In the MIME Type box, type .mp4/video/mp4
6. Apply the new settings. Note that we must restart the World Wide Web Publishing Service or wait for the worker process to recycle for the changes to take effect. In this example, IIS now serves files with the .mp4 extension.

If we want to serve all files regardless of the file name extension (for example, if we cannot predict all files that will be served), then need to follow these steps to add a wildcard character mapping:

1. Open the IIS Microsoft Management Console (MMC), right-click the local computer name, and then click Properties.
2. Click MIME Types.
3. Click New.
4. In the Extension box, type an asterisk (*).
5. In the MIME Type box, type application/octet-stream.
6. Apply the new settings. Note that we must restart the World Wide Web Publishing Service or wait for the worker process to recycle for the changes to take effect.

Note:- In addition to making these changes at the global level in IIS, we can add necessary MIME types at lower levels in the metabase. When we do this, we can specify the sites or directories that are permitted to serve content with a specific file name extension instead of globally allowing all sites to serve that extension.